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SCIENCE versus RELIGION"? - An Islamic Perspective
Dr Umar Azam BA PhD DCL Dip.FJ Dip.IM FRSA FRSSA
MARCH 2004
Manchester, UK
INTRODUCTION
"Science"
is defined as "Knowledge gained by systematic experimentation
and analysis, and the formulation of general principles; a branch
of this; skill or technique". (1)
"Religion"
is defined as "A belief in God or gods; a system of worship
and faith; a formalised_expression of belief". (1)
"Belief",
in its turn, is defined as "A principle or idea considered
to be true, religious faith". (1)
1.
ALLAH ALMIGHTY AS THE SUBJECT OF ALL DESTINY
It is
a scientific law that actions don't happen by themselves.
For example, the probability that nuts, bolts, pistons, tyres,
alternator, battery etc. would all somehow float and then assemble
themselves into a motor car is zero. The fact that
everything in the heavens and the Earth follows celestial laws
is evidence that there is an element of control.
There must always be a subject who controls a certain
action so as to produce an occurance. It is very surprising,
therefore, that no formula has yet been invented in science
which dispels this fallacy of anarchy once and for all from
the minds of erring scientists. If Einstein's formula
is E=mcxc, [energy equals mass times the speed of light squared],
then light would be the catalyst of the process and thereby
the essential subject. The light of our sun, and
the other bodies in the Universe, though natural, would be artificial
light when compared to the Supreme Light of Allah Most High.
ALLAH
IS THE LIGHT OF THE HEAVES AND THE EARTH. THE PARABLE
OF HIS LIGHT IS AS IF THERE WERE A NICHE AND WITHIN IT A LAMP:
THE LAMP, ENCLOSED IN GLASS: THE GLASS AS IT WERE A BRILLIANT
STAR: LIT FROM A BLESSED TREE, AN OLIVE, NEITHER OF THE EAST
NOR OF THE WEST, WHOSE OIL IS WELL-NIGH LUMINOUS THOUGH FIRE
SCARCE TOUCHED IT: LIGHT UPON LIGHT! ALLAH DOTH GUIDE
WHOM HE WILL TO HIS LIGHT: ALLAH DOTH SET FORTH PARABLES FOR
MEN: AND ALLAH DOTH KNOW ALL THINGS. [XXIV, 35]
2.
IT IS THIS LIGHT WHICH CONTROLS AND COMMANDS ALL ENERGY.
WHATEVER
BEINGS THERE ARE IN THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH DO PROSTRATE THEMSELVES
TO ALLAH [ACKNOWLEDGING SUBJECTION] WITH GOODWILL OR IN SPITE
OF THEMSELVES. [XIII, 15]
3.
ALLAH IS TIME, BUT MAN EXISTS WITHIN THE RELATIVITY OF TIME.
HAS
THERE NOT BEEN OVER MAN A LONG PERIOD OF TIME WHEN HE WAS NOTHING
- [NOT EVEN] MENTIONED? VERILY WE CREATED MAN FROM A DROP
OF MINGLED SPERM, IN ORDER TO TRY HIM: SO WE GAVE HIM [THE GIFTS]
OF HEARING AND SIGHT. WE SHOWED HIM THE WAY: WHETHER HE
BE GRATEFUL OR UNGRATEFUL [RESTS ON HIS WILL]. [LXXVI,
1-3]
YUSUF ALI'S COMMENTARY:
THE TITLE OF SURAH DAHR ['TIME'] [LXXVI] RECALLS A PAGAN ARAB IDEA, WHICH
PERSONIFIED TIME AS EXISTING SPONTANEOUSLY FROM ETERNITY TO
ETERNITY AND RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MISERY OR HAPPINESS OF MANKIND.
IN XLV, 24 WE READ: 'THEY SAY ... 'NOTHING BUT TIME CAN
DESTROY US'. THIS ATTITUDE IS OF COURSE WRONG. TIME
IS A CREATED THING: IT HAS ITS MYSTERIES BUT IT IS NO MORE ETERNAL
THAN MATTER. IT IS ALSO RELATIVE TO OUR CONCEPTIONS AND
NOT ABSOLUTE AS EINSTEIN HAS PROVED. IT IS ONLY GOD WHO
IS SELF-SUBSISTING, ETERNAL FROM THE BEGINNING AND ETERNAL TO
THE END, THE ABSOLUTE EXISTENCE AND REALITY. WE MUST NOT
TRANSFER HIS ATTRIBUTES TO ANY FIGMENTS OF OUR IMAGINATION.
THIS DEIFICATION OF TIME [DAHR] AS AGAINST A LIVING PERSONAL
GOD HAS GIVEN RISE TO THE TERM DAHRIYA, AS APPLIED TO
AN ATHEIST OR A MATERIALIST. [p. 889]
4.
ALL KNOWLEDGE BELONGS TO ALLAH.
HE
IS THE IRRESISTIBLE, AND HE IS THE WISE, ACQUAINTED WITH ALL
THINGS. [VI, 18]
FROM
ALLAH, VERILY NOTHING IS HIDDEN ON EARTH OR IN THE HEAVENS
[III, 5]
THE HOLY
QURAN TALKED OF THE 'RED ROSE NEBULA' HUNDREDS OF YEARS
BEFORE HIGH SPECIFICATION TELESCOPES PHOTOGRAPHED THIS PHENOMENON
[SEE THE PHOTOGRAPH AND RELEVANT VERSES FROM THE HOLY QURAN
IN THE 'ASPECTS OF ISLAM' SECTION OF THIS WEBSITE]. ALSO,
THE HOLY QURAN DESCRIBED THE BIOLOGICAL FACTS OF THE CREATION
OF MAN HUNDREDS OF YEARS BEFORE MODERN SCIENCE CAME TO KNOW
OF THESE SAME FACTS:
VERSES:
READ VERSES IN �ASPECTS OF ISLAM� ON WWW.DR-UMAR-AZAM.COM
5. ALLAH
HAS SECRETS OF CREATION BEYOND THE INTELLECT OF MAN:
PRAISE BE TO ALLAH, WHO CREATED [OUT OF NOTHING] THE
HEAVENS AND THE EARTH, WHO MADE ANGELS MESSENGERS WITH WINGS,
- TWO, OR THREE, OR FOUR [PAIRS]: HE ADDS TO CREATION AS HE
PLEASES: FOR ALLAH HAS POWER OVER ALL THINGS. [XXXV, I]
In Islam,
it is held that there is absolutely no
conflict
between science and religion. The only ones who say that
there is such a conflict are those who do not believe in God, or are agnostic. All knowledge belongs
to Allah and, in fact, originates from Allah, so any systematic experimentation and formulation
of general principles, and/or the accumulation of skills and
techniques must
inevitably prove that Allah is the Originator of
all science, The Mighty, The Wise! Allah Most High is Time and
Space, and has created science as completely subservient to
Allah, and not rebellious to Allah. How can it be shown that
all of science declares Allah's Glory and Majesty?
6. THE
THEORY OF THE 'BIG BANG' IS CORRECT. ALLAH ALMIGHTY
REVEALED THIS FACT IN THE HOLY QURAN ONE THOUSAND FOUR HUNDRED
YEARS BEFORE SCIENTISTS REACHED THE SAME CONCLUSION AFTER CHECKING
THE COSMIC RADIATION WHICH DISPERSED AS A RESULT OF THE 'BIG
BANG', AND WHICH IS STILL DISPERSING EVEN
NOW.
DO
NOT THE UNBELIEVERS SEE THAT THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH WERE
JOINED TOGETHER [AS ONE UNIT OF CREATION], BEFORE WE CLOVE THEM
ASUNDER? [XXI, 30]
THE FOLLOWING
ARE VERY INTERESTING PHOTOGRAPHS OF HOW THE UNIVERSE LOOKED
IN 'ITS EARLY DAYS'!
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An
international team of astronomers may have set a new record
in discovering what is the most distant known galaxy in
the universe. Located an estimated 13 billion light-years
away, the object is being viewed at a time only 750 million
years after the big bang, when the universe was barely
5 percent of its current age. The primeval galaxy was
identified by combining the power of NASA (news - web sites)'s Hubble Space Telescope (news - web sites) and CARA's W. M. Keck Telescopes on Mauna Kea
in Hawaii. The newly discovered galaxy is likely to be
a young galaxy shining during the end of the so-called
'Dark Ages' - the period in cosmic history which ended
with the first galaxies and quasars transforming opaque,
molecular hydrogen into the transparent, ionized universe
we see today. Image released February
15, 2004.
REUTERS/ESA, NASA, J.-P. Kneib (Caltech/Observatoire Midi-Pyrnes) and R. Ellis (Caltech)-Handout
EDITORIAL USE ONLY
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Coverage
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Hubble Shows Ultra-Deep Vision
of Cosmic Infancy |
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By Deborah Zabarenko
BALTIMORE (Reuters) - Scientists
unveiled a monster baby picture of the universe
on Tuesday, in an image snapped by the Hubble Space
Telescope (news - web sites) that looks deep into the cosmos, back 13 billion
years to just 700 million years after the Big Bang.
Hubble
has looked back in time before, but this image,
known as the Ultra Deep Field, is the most profound
vision the orbiting telescope has ever captured,
scientists said at a briefing at the Space Telescope
Science Institute.
The
new picture looks like a scattering of jewels on
black velvet, but it is in fact some 10,000 galaxies
crammed into a section of sky about one-tenth the
size of the full moon.
The
image peers only 300 million years deeper into the
ancient universe than similar Hubble images made
in the 1990s, but this extra distance sees back
to when the very first infant galaxies were forming,
a time of great interest to astronomers because
it marks a transition point from a cosmic dark age.
"This
is the deepest view of the visible ever taken,"
said Rodger Thompson, one of a team of astronomers
who put the image together with two of Hubble's
sophisticated instruments. "It's an amazing
time to be an astrophysicist."
Thompson
and other scientists emphasized the importance of
looking at the earliest times of galactic development,
which can be more dramatic and sweeping than the
evolution of galaxies as they age.
"It
doesn't seem like much ... but when you realize
that this is a time when a phase transition occurred
in the universe/**/... this is a very critical time,
you want to have details on that critical time,"
Hubble astronomer Mario Livio said in an interview.
GIANT
LEAP FOR COSMIC STUDY
Livio
and other astronomers likened the development of
the universe to the development of a human being,
noting that the most dramatic changes occur at the
earliest ages, making even a seemingly slight increase
in the depth of observation a giant leap for basic
study of the cosmos.
The
quality of the image is so fine that galaxies billions
of light-years away show features that scientists
formerly had seen only in galaxies in Earth's cosmic
neighborhood. A light-year is about 6 trillion miles,
the distance light travels in a year.
These
early galaxies are shown to be more chaotic, to
interact more with each other and to be less well-formed
than our own Milky Way, the astronomers said.
Hubble
made the picture over four months as it orbited
Earth, from Sept.
24, 2003 to Jan. 26 of this year, over a total of 1 million seconds
-- 11.3 days -- of viewing time.
The
production of the image was shrouded in such secrecy
that until Tuesday only four people had seen the
whole picture, said Steven Beckwith, director of
the telescope institute.
This
was done to create a level field for research, since
any scientist who saw the whole picture in advance
could begin studying the vast wealth of data it
contained.
"It's
like the great land rush, where the gun is fired
and everybody takes off," Beckwith said. "There
was no advantage to the home team."
Beckwith
and others noted this could be the last such image
made by Hubble. NASA (news - web sites) has decided to forego a scheduled servicing
mission for the telescope, which means its gyroscopes
and battery could doom it to an early demise.
"There
is not a final act, there is kind of a denouement,"
Beckwith said of Hubble's ultimate fate. |
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7. SCIENCE
AND NATURE ARE INTERTWINED. ALLAH ORDAINS ALL LAWS
SUCH AS THE LAW OF GRAVITY [NEWTON], RELATIVITY OF TIME [EINSTEIN], THE LIFE CYCLE, NITROGEN
CYCLE ETC.
PRAISE
THE NAME OF THY LORD THE MOST HIGH, WHO CREATETH, THEN DISPOSETH;
WHO MEASURETH, THEN GUIDETH; WHO BRINGETH FORTH THE PASTURAGE,
THEN TURNETH IT TO RUSSET STUBBLE. [PICKTHALL] [LXXXVII,
1-5]
8.
ALLAH HAS GIVEN HEAVEN'S CANOPY ITS ORDER AND PERFECTION.
ARE
YE THE HARDER TO CREATE, OR IS THE HEAVEN THAT HE BUILT?
HE RAISED THE HEIGHT THEREOF AND ORDERED IT; AND HE MADE THE
NIGHT DARK THEREOF, AND HE BROUGHT FORTH THE MOON THEREOF. [PICKTHALL] [LXXIX,
27-29]
9.
WHATEVER IS IN THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH GLORIFIES ALLAH. SEE
THE PHOTOS OF NATURE GLORIFYING ALLAH'S NAME, BEING FORMED IN
THE SHAPE OF THE NAME OF 'ALLAH' IN ARABIC, IN THE �ASPECTS
OF ISLAM� SECTION ON THIS SITE: CACTUS, HONEY, TOMATO, WATER
MELON, CLOUD, TREES, BABY�S EAR & others.
WHATEVER
BEINGS THERE ARE IN THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH DO PROSTRATE THEMSELVES
TO ALLAH [ACKNOWLEDGING SUBJECTION] WITH GOODWILL OR IN SPITE
OF THEMSELVES. [XIII, 15]
10.
ALLAH HAS MADE THE ZODIAC.
IT
IS WE WHO HAVE SET OUT THE ZODIACAL SIGNS IN THE HEAVENS AND
MADE THEM FAIR-SEEMING TO [ALL] BEHOLDERS; AND [MOREOVER] WE
HAVE GUARDED THEM FROM EVERY SPIRIT ACCURSED. BUT ANY
THAT GAINS A HEARING BY STEALTH, IS PURSUED BY A FLAMING FIRE
*, BRIGHT [TO SEE]. [XV, 16-18]
* Meteors
chase away the evil spirits.
11.
ALLAH ORDERS ALL THINGS.
SUCH
IS ALLAH, YOUR LORD. THERE IS NO GOD SAVE HIM, THE CREATOR
OF ALL THINGS, SO WORSHIP HIM. AND HE TAKETH CARE OF ALL THINGS.
[VI, 103] [PICKTHALL]
12.
ALLAH MADE HEAVEN AND EARTH WITH ALL ITS PRODUCE.
SCIENCE IS BASED ON ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS [METALS, MINERALS,
ORES etc.] WHICH HAVE BEEN CREATED BY GOD.
XXXI,
10
LUCK
IN THE SKY WITH DIAMONDS
"Twinkle
twinkle, little star, how I wonder what you are. Up above
the world so high, like a diamond in the sky...."
Jane Taylor penned this song back in 1806.
Like
many Librans, she had a natural ability to weave enchanting
spells of lasting power. Her words took on new meaning
this week when astronomers announced the discovery of a compressed
white dwarf star in the constellation of Centaurus. It
truly is a diamond in the sky. It has a core of crystallised
carbon that stretches for 3,000 kilometres.
The
biggest jewel on Earth is The Star of Africa which weighs in at 530 carats. This star, though,
is about 10 billion trillion trillion carats. To an astrologer,
the meaning is crystal clear. We ALL now have the potential
to become multi-millionaires. Will anyone ever manage
to make a spaceship powerful enough to go out and mine that
diamond? You can bet on it! Will we be any the happier
if we do? That's not so certain.
If
we do bring back diamonds in that quantity, they'll end up being
no more valuable than glass beads. Then we will have to
find something else to lust after, kill for - and keep a painfully
primitive, soul-destroying, selfish financial system alive with.
People starve, not because there is insufficient food in
the world, but because there is insufficient will to get
it shared out. This new discovery is telling us that we
should all stop being so tight...because our Universe contains
all the wealth we could ever want...and more besides.
And to get it, we don't actually have to make a space craft.
We just have to alter our attitude and have more faith in the
notion that prosperity is possible.
[A
graphic accompanies this article with the caption: COSMIC
JEWEL: The newly-discovered dwarf star has an immense diamond
at its centre].
Jonathan
Cainer, DAILY MIRROR, Sat
21 Feb 2004,
p. 59]
13.
ALLAH MADE THE SHADOWS AND THE SUN.
HAST
THOU NOT TURNED THY VISION TO THY LORD?- HOW HE DOTH PROLONG
THE SHADOW! IF HE WILLED, HE COULD MAKE IT STATIONARY!
THEN DO WE MAKE
THE
SUN ITS GUIDE; THEN WE DRAW IT IN TOWARDS OURSELVES, - A CONTRACTION
BY EASY STAGES. [XXV, 45-46]
Astronomy
Picture of the Day
Discover
the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of
our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation
written by a professional astronomer.
2000
January 10
14.
ALLAH MADE SLEEP, AND NIGHT & DAY.
AND
HE IT IS WHO MAKES THE NIGHT AS A ROBE FOR YOU, AND SLEEP AS
REPOSE, AND MAKES THE DAY [AS IT WERE] A RESURRECTION
[XXV, 47]
15.
ONE OF THE USES OF THE MOON IS TO ACT AS A CALENDAR.
IT
IS HE WHO MADE THE SUN TO BE A SHINING GLORY AND THE MOON TO
BE A LIGHT [OF BEAUTY], AND MEASURED OUT STAGES FOR HER: THAT
YE MIGHT KNOW THE NUMBER OF YEARS AND THE COUNT [OF TIME].
NOWISE DID ALLAH CREATE THIS BUT IN TRUTH AND RIGHTEOUSNESS.
[THUS] DOTH HE EXPLAIN HIS SIGNS IN DETAIL FOR THOSE WHO UNDERSTAND.
[ X, 5]
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Shaukat's Suggested Global
Islamic Calendar (if Ulemaa of the world accept the need
for it) |
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If sighting is required we cannot have Global Islamic Calendar. To achieve
a pre-calculated Global Islamic Calendar, if Ulemaa of
the world accept the need for it, a suggested convention
could be adopted that if the moon is born before 12:00
UT (i.e., 3:00pm Makkah time), then the month begins at
sunset of that day everywhere in the world (starting from
International Date Line going westward). People will not
require any calculations for this. Only the time and date
of new moon birth is needed, and that is easily obtained
from Almanacs, Newspapers, or Internet. This convention
has a strong basis of the visibility that somewhere on
the globe the moon would be definitely visible given clear
horizon, because the age of the moon would be 18 hours
at sunset on a point just to the east of the International
Date Line. All astronomers agree that an 18 hour moon
is visible (in some instances it may not be seen by the
naked eye but with telescope it can be seen). This known
scientific fact can be made the basis which has sighting
requirement according to Qur'an and Sunnah, and then all
the disagreements about when and where the month starts
would go away. We will know ahead of time, when any month
begins. |
http://www.moonsighting.com/calendar.html
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: N.A.S.A. PHOTO
GALLERY
17.
ALLAH CREATED ALL NATURE
HE
IT IS WHO SENDETH DOWN WATER FROM THE SKY, AND THEREWITH WE
BRING FORTH BUDS OF EVERY KIND; WE BRING FORTH THE GREEN BLADE
FROM WHICH WE BRING FORTH THE THICK-CLUSTERED GRAIN; AND FROM
THE DATE-PALM, FROM THE POLLEN THEREOF, SPRING PENDANT BUNCHES;
AND [WE BRING FORTH] GARDENS OF GRAPES, AND THE OLIVE AND THE
POMEGRANATE, ALIKE AND UNLIKE. LOOK UPON THE FRUIT THEREOF,
AND UPON ITS RIPENING. LO! HEREIN VERILY ARE PORTENTS
FOR A PEOPLE WHO BELIEVE. [PICKTHALL] [VI,
100]
How Your Body
Grows
Your body needs nutritious foods to grow and stay healthy. Nutritious
foods also give you energy for learning and playing. Foods can
be sorted into the Five Food Groups.
Body
needs meat to stay healthy; Allah has given us canine teeth
for ripping and tearing of meat. Allah has created the chick
to grow to a full grown chicken in a matter of a few weeks,
man for man to eat.
18.
ALLAH CREATED THE EARTH
HE
IT IS WHO CREATED THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH IN SIX DAYS, AND
IS MOREOVER FIRMLY ETABLISHED ON THE THRONE {OF AUTHORITY}.
[LVII, 4]
19. ALLAH MADE
MOUNTAINS SO THAT THE EARTH WILL NOT SHAKE
AND
HE HAS SET UP ON THE EARTH MOUNTAINS STANDING FIRM, LEST IT SHOULD SHAKE WITH YOU; AND
RIVERS AND ROADS; THAT YE MAY GUIDE YOURSELVES. [XVI, 15]
- ALLAH
MADE IRON AVAILABLE TO MAN
AND
WE SENT DOWN IRON, IN WHICH IS [MATERIAL FOR] MIGHTY WAR, AS
WELL AS MANY BENEFITS FOR MANKIND. [LVII, 25]
IRON
IS PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT MINERAL IN THE WORLD, AND
ALLAH HAS DELIBERATELY MADE IT AVAILABLE TO MAN. THE INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION COULD NOT HAVE TAKEN PLACE WITHOUT, AMONGST OTHER
RESORCES SUCH AS COAL, THE TREMENDOUSLY INCREASED USE OF IRON
AND STEEL! EVEN TODAY, ALL ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES, MACHINES
ETC. REQUIRE IRON AND STEEL, NOT ONLY FOR THEIR EXTERIOR CONSTRUCTION,
BUT ALSO FOR THEIR ELECTRONIC MECHANISMS.
UPDATE: Story first posted 5:37
p.m. EST, March
27, 2004
Aviation
history was made today as NASA successfully flew its experimental
X-43A research vehicle, a forerunner of craft that could well
offer alternate access to space in the future.
Preliminary
indications are that the craft appeared to meet a major milestone:
propelling itself slightly over Mach 7, seven times the speed
of sound, or some 5,000 miles per hour.
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Comparision
of X-43A hypersonic scramjet engine with
conventional jet engine. Credit: NASA/Dave
Faust |
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NASA's
B-52B launch aircraft takes off carrying
the second X-43A hypersonic research vehicle
attached to a modified Pegasus rocket, on
March
27, 2004.
Credit: NASA/Tom Tschida |
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Illustration
of X-43A March
27, 2004
mission profile. Credit: NASA/Dave Faust |
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"It
was fun all the way to Mach 7," said Joel Sitz, X-43 Project
Manager at NASA�s Dryden Flight Research at Edwards, California during a press briefing
after the flight.
The
X-43A test shot is part of NASA�s Hyper-X program, a research
effort to try out propulsion technologies for high-speed flight
within the atmosphere and into Earth orbit.
A
major objective of the unmanned X-43A flight was shaking out
air-breathing supersonic-combustion ramjet (scramjet) engine
technology.
Unlike
the space shuttle that must haul along weighty amounts of liquid
oxygen to burn with liquid hydrogen, scramjets use the atmosphere
as fuel. Doing so means a scramjet-carrying craft could haul
more payload into orbit.
Without
a hitch
"We
went off without a hitch," said Bradford Neal, test conductor
for the flight Saturday.
Griffin
Corpening, X-43A chief engineer at Dryden, said the X-43A "scooted
out to Mach 7�just an outstanding job." Data was received
from the vehicle all the way down to its splash down in the
Pacific Ocean. "It really hung
in there," he said.
Corpening
said the data collected during the flight will be intensely
studied over the next weeks, months, and probably years.
"It
has been an outstanding record-breaking day. It really has,"
said Larry Huebner, Hyper-X scramjet propulsion research engineer
at NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. Based on preliminary
data, he said, the vehicle experienced positive acceleration
while climbing due to the performance of its scramjet engine.
"Our
vehicle under airbreathing power went over 15 miles," Huebner
reported. The flight today was the first-ever airframe integrated
scramjet engine experiment. "We can claim an air-breathing
powered record today�no doubt about it."
But
now, Huebner said, "it�s time to roll up our sleeves and
start looking at some data."
Winged
surfboard
Today�s
test of the 12-foot ((3.7 meters) long X-43A began with the
vehicle being toted skyward from NASA's Dryden Flight Research
Center on Edwards Air Force Base, California by a B-52 carrier
aircraft. The experimental craft -- taking on the look of a
winged surfboard -- was attached to a modified Pegasus XL booster.
After
reaching a designated altitude, the NASA B-52 released the X-43A/Pegasus
booster combination high over the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division Sea Range over the Pacific Ocean off the coast of southern
California.
A
long contrail arced up and away from the B-52 as the modified
Pegasus boosted the X-43A. A normal separation of the test vehicle
from the booster could clearly be seen. The craft remained stable
during release from its booster.
The
X-43A continued its speedy flight, opening up an intake chamber
that allowed a high-speed stream of oxygen into the vehicle.
That port was then closed, and all appeared to work as planned
as mission controllers clapped and hugged each other.
Gulping
up the atmosphere as it shot through the sky, the craft pushed
that air into a scramjet. Carried onboard the X-43A is a small
quantity of hydrogen that mixed with the incoming oxygen. That
mix was then combusted, pushing the plane forward to high-mach
speeds.
Following
the engine test, the X-43A began gliding and maneuvering for
several minutes before nosing into Pacific Ocean waters within a restricted test zone.
Tough
engineering challenge
The
$250 million program began with conceptual design and scramjet
engine wind tunnel work in 1996.
According
to a NASA statement, this is the first time a non-rocket, air-breathing
scramjet engine has powered a vehicle in flight at hypersonic
speeds. No vehicle has ever flown at hypersonic speeds powered
by an air-breathing scramjet engine.
The
rocket boost and subsequent separation from the rocket to get
to the scramjet test condition have complex elements that must
work properly to assure flight success. There are few or no
moving parts in the scramjet. Achieving proper engine ignition
and combustion, in a matter of milliseconds, is considered a
key engineering challenge.
No
easy ride
It
has not been an easy ride for the X-43A program.
On
June
2, 2001, the X-43A/booster
combination -- called the stack -- veered out of control shortly
after release from the NASA B-52 aircraft. The stack was destroyed
by ground control less than 50 seconds after release. The failure
occurred before the X-43A could be released.
A
mishap study board cleared the way for a return-to-flight of
the X-43A. No one contributing factor was singled out as being
the prime cause of the vehicle's failure. However, those studying
the failure underscored inaccuracies in computer and wind-tunnel
tests to prove the X-43A/booster was flight worthy and ready
for its maiden test.
Today�s
successful flight is the work of a government-private sector
partnership.
ATK
GASL in Tullahoma, Tennessee, built both the vehicle and the
engine, and Boeing Phantom Works in Huntington Beach, California,
designed the thermal protection and propulsion control systems.
The booster is a modified Pegasus rocket from Orbital Sciences
Corporation of Chandler, Arizona.
NASA's
Langley Research Center and Dryden Flight Research Center jointly conduct the
Hyper-X program.
21.
ALLAH HAS MADE THE TYPES OF WATER.
IT
IS HE WHO HAS LET FREE THE TWO BODIES OF FLOWING WATER: ONE
PALATABLE AND SWEET, AND THE OTHER SALT AND BITTER; YET HAS
HE MADE A BARRIER BETWEEN THEM, A PARTITION THAT IS FORBIDDEN
TO BE PASSED. [XXV, 53]
22.
ALLAH MADE THE WIND AND THE RAIN.
AND
HE IT IS WHO SENDS THE WINDS AS HERALDS OF GLAD TIDINGS, GOING
BEFORE HIS MERCY, AND WE SEND DOWN PURIFYING WATER FROM THE
SKY,- THAT WITH IT WE MAY GIVE LIFE TO A DEAD LAND, AND SLAKE
THE THIRST OF THINGS WE HAVE CREATED,- CATTLE AND MEN IN GREAT
NUMBERS. AND WE HAVE DISTRIBUTED THE [WATER] AMONGST THEM,
IN ORDER THAT THEY MAY CELEBRATE [OUR] PRAISES, BUT MOST MEN
ARE AVERSE [TO AUGHT] BUT [RANK] INGRATITUDE. [XXV, 48-50]
23.
ALLAH MADE THE PEARLS AND THE CORAL.
HE
HAS LET FREE THE TWO BODIES OF FLOWING WATER, MEETING TOGETHER:
BETWEEN THEM IS A BARRIER WHICH THEY DO NOT TRANSGRESS: THEN
WHICH OF THE FAVOURS OF YOUR LORD WILL YE DENY? OUT OF THEM
COME PEARLS AND CORAL: THEN WHICH OF THE FAVOURS OF YOUR LORD
WILL YE DENY? [LV, 19-22]
24.
MAN CANNOT SURVIVE ON ANY PLANET EXCEPT EARTH BECAUSE THE EARTH
HAS BEEN ESPECIALLY PREPARED FOR ALLAH'S CREATURES.
AND
THE EARTH HAVE WE SPREAD OUT [LIKE A CARPET]; SET THEREON MOUNTAINS
FIRM AND IMMOVABLE; AND PRODUCED THEREIN ALL KINDS OF THINGS
IN DUE BALANCE. AND WE HAVE PROVIDED THEREIN MEANS
OF SUBSISTENCE, - FOR YOU AND FOR THOSE FOR WHOSE SUSTENANCE
YE ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE. [XV, 19-20]
DO
THEY NOT LOOK AT THE EARTH, - HOW MANY NOBLE THINGS OF ALL KINDS
WE HAVE PRODUCED THEREIN?[XXVI, 7]
HAVE
WE NOT MADE THE EARTH [AS A PLACE] TO DRAW TOGETHER THE LIVING
AND THE DEAD, AND MADE THEREIN MOUNTAINS STANDING FIRM, LOFTY
[IN STATURE]; AND PROVIDED FOR YOU WATER SWEET [AND WHOLESOME]? [LXXVII,
25-27]
25.THE
EARTH HAS BEEN MADE MANAGEABLE FOR MAN.
EFFORTS
ARE BEING MADE TO COLONISE SPACE. SCIENTISTS HAVE BEEN
LOOKING FOR WATER ON THE MOON: THEY BELIEVE THAT THE PRESENCE
OF WATER, OR SOME KIND OF MOISTURE, WILL BE TAKEN TO MEAN THAT
HUMAN LIFE CAN BE SUSTAINED. BUT THE MOON HAS NOT BEEN
MADE MANAGEABLE FOR MAN BY GOD! SIMILARLY, THE NOTION
OF 'SPACE CITIES ON THE MOON' IS AN IMPOSSIBILITY.
IT
IS HE WHO HAS MADE THE EARTH MANAGEABLE FOR YOU, SO TRAVERSE
YE THROUGH ITS TRACTS AND ENJOY OF THE SUSTENANCE WHICH HE FURNISHES:
BUT UNTO HIM IS THE RESURRECTION[LXVII, 15]
26.
AIRCRAFT, SHIPS ETC. CAN TRAVEL PEACEFULLY BECAUSE ALLAH HAS
SUBJECTED EARTHLY FORCES TO MAN'S USE.
IF ALLAH
WISHED, THERE WOULD BE TORNADOES AND HURRICANES EVERYWHERE,
AND ALL THE TIME, ON EARTH.
SEEST
THOUGH NOT THAT ALLAH HAS MADE SUBJECT TO YOU [O MAN] ALL THAT
IS ON THE EARTH, AND THE SHIPS THAT SAIL THROUGH THE SEA BY
HIS COMMAND? HE WITHOLDS THE SKY [RAIN] FROM FALLING ON
THE EARTH EXCEPT BY HIS LEAVE: FOR ALLAH IS MOST KIND AND MOST
MERCIFUL TO MAN. [XXII, 65]
IT
IS ALLAH WHO HAS SUBJECTED THE SEA TO YOU, THAT SHIPS MAY SAIL
THROUGH IT BY HIS COMMAND, THAT YE MAY SEEK OF HIS BOUNTY, AND
THAT YE MAY BE GRATEFUL. AND HE HAS SUBJECTED TO YOU,
AS FROM HIM, ALL THAT IS IN THE HEAVENS AND ON EARTH: BEHOLD,
IN THAT ARE SIGNS INDEED FOR THOSE WHO REFLECT. [XLV,
12-13]
27.
ALLAH GAVE MAN LIFE.
HOW
CAN YE REJECT THE FAITH IN ALLAH? - SEEING THAT YE WERE WITHOUT
LIFE, AND HE GAVE YOU LIFE; THEN WILL HE CAUSE YOU TO DIE, AND
WILL AGAIN BRING YOU TO LIFE; AND AGAIN TO HIM WILL YE RETURN
[II, 28]
28.
ALLAH CREATED MAN AND TAUGHT HIM SPEECH.
HE
HAS CREATED MAN: AND TAUGHT HIM SPEECH [AND INTELLIGENCE].
[LV, 3-4]
29. ALLAH
GAVE MAN A MIND WITH WHICH TO REASON.
BEHOLD,
THY LORD SAID TO THE ANGELS: "I WILL CREATE A VICEREGENT
ON EARTH". THEY SAID, "WILT THOU PLACE THEREIN
ONE WHO WILL MAKE MISSCHIEF THEREIN AND SHED BLOOD?- WHILST
WE DO CELEBRATE THY PRAISES AND GLORIFY THY HOLY [NAME]?"
HE SAID: I KNOW WHAT YE KNOW NOT". AND HE TAUGHT
ADAM THE NATURE OF ALL THINGS; THEN HE PLACED THEM BEFORE THE
ANGELS, AND SAID: 'TELL ME THE NATURE OF THESE IF YE ARE RIGHT'.
THEY SAID: "GLORY TO THEE: OF KNOWLEDGE WE HAVE NONE, SAVE
WHAT THOU HAST TAUGHT US: IN TRUTH IT IS THOU WHO ART
PERFECT IN KNOWLEDGEAND WISDOM". HE SAID: "
O ADAM!TELL THEM THEIR NATURES". WHEN HE HAD TOLD
THEM, ALLAH SAID: "DID I NOT TELL YOU THAT I KNOW THE SECRETS
OF HEAVENS AND EARTH, AND I KNOW WHAT YE REVEAL AND WHAT YE
CONCEAL?" [II, 30-33]
There
is no doubt that the 'appliance of science' is a great blessing
and a boon: in both developed and devoloping countries, machines
and machinery play an essential and pivotal role in the provision
of those goods and services which facilitate one's life,
though life inevitably becomes more complex. A few of the
machines in existence today, which serve mankind in various
areas, are:
MEDICINE: X-Ray
Machines; TRANSPORT: Aircraft;
SPACE EXPLORATION: Spacecraft; EDUCATION: Computers;
CATERING: Microwave Oven; MEDIA: Digital
Printing Machines; LAW/JUSTICE: DNA (Deoxyribonuceic
Acid)-Testing; MATERIALS
SCIENCE: Polymer Fibres; HOUSEHOLD: PVC (Polyvinyl
Chloride); DEFENCE: Nucleur Weapons;
BANKING & FINANCE: Electronic Cash Transactions;
ENTERTAINMENT: MP3-Player; COMMUNICATION: 3G-Mobile
Phone; TELEVISION: Satellite and Digital Channels;
THE FOLLOWING
ARTICLE SHOWS HOW THROUGH ORIGINAL, SCIENTIFIC THINKING, MAN
CAN HELP HIS FELLOW MAN.
www.got-milk.com/better/index.html
Your
bones are growing right along with you. And you need calcium
now more than ever. Your "growth spurt" is just about
to happen -- it typically starts around 11-13 years of age,
and the "spurt" is usually done by the time you're
15-19 years old. Nearly 50 percent (that's HALF) of all bone
is formed during these years! But even after your bones have
stopped growing long, they are still growing strong "inside."
That's why you need to pack your bones with calcium for at least
another 10 years to help make them as dense and strong as possible.
MILKY
WAY TO SAVE FARMERS MONEY
Hard-up
dairy farmers could be saved from going bust thanks to a revolutionary
process that heats their farms using cows' milk.
A
world first, developed by a Lanarkshire company, the system
warms piped water using milk while it's still at the cow's body
temperature.
The
water is then pumped through underfloor pipes to heat milking
parlours and farmhouses and provide hotwater in taps.
It's
estimated the system will save the average dairy farmer around
�2500 every year. Grants are available to cover installation
costs.
It's
currently being installed, for the first time anywhere, at a
farm in Brechin. Harry Burt, managing director of GeoThermal
Limited and one of the brains behind the incredible scheme,
explained, "I was standing in a dairy farmyard with the
owner of an ice cream firm when I detected a blast of hot air
coming off a milk chiller.
"I
asked if this was normal and was told that every dairy farmer
has to cool milk from its natural temperature of 37C to
4C within 30 minutes of milking. Farmers use chillers
to do this. I was amazed as it's a complete waste
of energy. I was sure I could recover the heat and use
it in a better way."
Using
his knowledge of geothermal energy, which makes use of solar
energy stored beneath the Earth's surface, Harry and his colleagues
develpoed the milk system over an 18-month period at the Scottish Agricultural College in Dumfries.
"The
trials were a success and we worked out we could save the
average dairy farmer with a herd of 140 cows around �2500 per
year," he said. "We reckon a system such as
this can provide heating and hot water not only to milking parlours
but farmhouses, too. Using the energy in cows' milk is
a totally new concept and, potentially, has a worldwide market."
Farmers Sandy
and Ian Milne, from Brechin, are hoping the innovative system
will significantly reduce their electricity bills.
"Our
annual milk quota is 2.2 million litres so it's great we can
use the energy from it to save money," Sandy said. "Because of the low price dairy farmers
are paid for milk, we're all having to reduce overheads.
I'd recommend this system to anyone."
James
Withers, of the National Farmers' Union, Scotland, agrees cost
control has become a real priority for farmers, especially in
the dairy sector.
"Sixty
per cent of dairy producers received an income below the cost
of production last year," he said. "This has
forced businesses to look very hard at themselves and consider
whether, and how, they can remain viable.
"Any
venture that can reduce energy costs while promoting renewable
energy will be a significant bonus.
"While
few businesses will have significant capital for investment,
farmers should be aware of the range of grants available to
assist with on-farm projects.
"Initial
investment can be difficult, but if it's carefully planned,
it can pay off in the long run."
From
THE SUNDAY POST, 7
March 2004,
p. 4
30. ALLAH
TELLS MAN, IN THE HOLY QURAN, TO ASPIRE TO GAIN KNOWLEDGE.
VERSES
ANY SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH WHICH BROADENS MAN'S UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE
IS A BOON; THE LIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE IS ALWAYS PREFERABLE
TO THE DARKNESS OF IGNORANCE. SCIENTISTS HAVE DONE VERY
WELL TO PEER INTO THE UNIVERSE AND TO TAKE EXTRAORDINARY PHOTOGRAPHS
OF ASTRONOMICAL PHENOMENA. THE FOLLOWING IS AN EXAMPLE
OF DETAILS FROM THE 'DUSTY NEBULA IN A NEARBY GALAXY':
Astronomy
Picture of the Day
Discover
the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of
our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation
written by a professional astronomer.
2004
March 11
Henize 206: Cosmic Generations
Credit: V. Gorjian(JPL) et al., JPL,
Caltech,
NASA
Explanation: Peering into
a dusty nebula in nearby
galaxy the Large Magellanic Cloud, infrared cameras on board
the Spitzer Space Telescope recorded this detailed view of stellar nursery Henize 206 filled with
newborn stars. The stars appear as white spots within the swirls
of dust and gas in the false-color infrared image. Near the top, the sweeping telltale arcs of
a supernova remnant are also visible, expanding debris from
the final explosion of a massive
star. The proximity of the ancient supernova indicates that
the shockwave from that stellar death explosion itself likely
triggered the formation of the new generation of emerging
stars, compressing the gas and dust within Henize 206 and continuing
the cosmic cycle of star death and star birth. At the distance
of the Large
Magellanic Cloud, about 163,000 light-years this image covers
an area about 1,000 light-years across.
31. MAN CAN ONLY
EVER HAVE PARTIAL KNOWLEDGE AS COMPARED TO ALLAH'S ABSOLUTE KNOWLEDGE.
X-RAY
IMAGES OFSATURN PUZZLE SCIENTISTS
|
|
Astronomers
have gotten a good look at X-rays from the ringed planet Saturn,
and they're puzzled by the results that defy current theory.
The image, made with
NASA (news - web sites)'s Chandra X-ray Observatory, shows the X-rays are
concentrated near Saturn's equator. X-rays from Jupiter, however,
are concentrated mostly near the poles.
In results released
today, Chandra observed Saturn for about 20 hours last April.
The spectrum, or distribution with energy of the X-rays, was
found to be very similar to that of X-rays from the Sun.
"This indicates
that Saturn's X-ray emission is due to the scattering of solar
X-rays by Saturn's atmosphere," said Jan-Uwe Ness, of the
University of Hamburg in
Germany. "It's a puzzle, since the intensity of Saturn's
X-rays requires that Saturn reflects X-rays fifty times more
efficiently than the Moon."
The observed 90 megawatts
of X-ray power from Saturn's equatorial region is roughly consistent
with previous observations of the X-radiation from Jupiter's
equatorial region. This suggests that both giant, gaseous planets
reflect solar X-rays at unexpectedly high rates. Further observations
of Jupiter will be needed to test this possibility.
The weak X-radiation
from Saturn's south-polar region presents another puzzle. Saturn's
magnetic field, like that of Jupiter, is strongest near the
poles. X-radiation from Jupiter is brightest at the poles because
of auroral activity due to the enhanced interaction of high-energy
particles from the Sun with its magnetic field. Since spectacular
ultraviolet polar auroras have been observed to occur on Saturn,
Ness and colleagues expected that Saturn's south pole might be bright in
X-rays.
It is not clear whether
the auroral mechanism does not produce X-rays on Saturn, or
for some reason concentrates the X-rays at the north pole. The
north pole was blocked by Saturn's rings during this observation.
Ness is lead author of a paper that will discuss the results
an upcoming issue of the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.
"Another interesting
result of the observation is that Saturn's rings were not detected
in X-rays," said co-author Scott Wolk of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, MA. "This
requires Saturn's rings to be less efficient at scattering X-rays
than the planet itself."
The same team detected
X-radiation from Saturn using the European Space Agency's XMM-Newton
Observatory. Although these observations could not locate the
X-rays on Saturn's disk, the intensity of the observed X-rays
was very similar to what was found with Chandra and consistent
with a marginal detection of X-rays from Saturn reported in
2000 using the German Roentgensatellite ( ROSAT).
"ASTRONOMY IS CERTAINLY NOT A STATIC SUBJECT - NEW IDEAS AND DISCOVERIES
ARE ALWAYS TURNING UP. ALTHOUGH ASTRONOMERS HAVE SOLVED
MANY OF THE MYSTERIES OF THE UNIVERSE, THEY ARE CONTINUALLY
FINDING NEW AND DEEPER PROBLEMS". [FOREWARD]
THE ASTRONAUT MUST BE EQUIPPED FOR GREAT EXTREMES OF TEMPERATURE, AS THE
TEMPARATURE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE SUNLIT SIDE IS ABOUT 100 DEGREES
CELCIUS AND, ON THE DARK SIDE, -150 DEGREES CELCIUS [272 DEGREES
BELOW FREEZING, FARENHEIT].
VARIOUS EARTHLY PHENOMENA HAVE ASTRONOMICAL ORIGINS. THE TIDES, FOR EXAMPLE,
ARE DUE TO THE GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS OF THE SUN AND MOON.
BASICALLY, THE WATER IN THE OCEANS IS ATTRACTED BY THE MOVEMENTS
OF THE MOON. MERCURY MAXIMUM
TEMP - 400 C; MINIMUM TEMP. -200 C
NO DETECTABLE ATMOSPHERE OR AT MOST 1/100TH OF EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE.
VENUSA 'DAY' ON VENUS IS LONGER THAN THE VENUSIAN [OR 'CYTHEREAN']
YEAR [VENUS REVOLVES FASTER AROUND THE SUN -224 DAYS- THAN IT
ROTATES ON ITS AXIS - 247 DAYS]. MAXIMUM TEMP. 350 C;
DENSE ATMOSPHERE CONTAINS MOSTLY CARBON DIOXIDE.MARSV. THIN
ATMOSPHERE; VIRTUALLY NO OXYGEN; V. RAPID TEMP. CHANGES.
'HUMAN LIFE COULD NOT SURVIVE THERE'.
JUPITERLARGELY GASEOUS [MAINLY HYDROGEN, AND SIMILAR GASES
SUCH AS METHANE AND AMMONIA] PLANET; V. LOW TEMP. OF -150
C
SATURNLARGELY GASEOUS PLANET , LOW TEMP OF -170 C
The following is an article by ROGER HIGHFIELD from THE DAILY TELEGRAPH, edition dated TUESDAY,
16 MARCH 2004:
SHINY RED CLUMP OF ROCK AND ICE MAY BE THE TENTH PLANET.
A RED SHINY WORLD OF ROCK AND ICE APPROACHING THE SIZE OF PLUTO HAS BEEN
FOUND IN THE FAR REACHES OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM, SURPRISING SCIENTISTS
AND LAUNCHING AN ARGUMENT OVER WHETHER IT COUNTS AS THE TENTH
PLANET. OFFICIALLY DESIGNATED 2003 VB12, DR MICHAEL BROWN,
OF THE CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HAS PROPOSED THAT
THE MYSTERIOUS PLANET-LIKE OBJECT IS CALLED SEDNA, IN HONOUR
OF THE INUIT GODDESS FROM WHICH ALL SEA CREATURES WERE DERIVED,
THOUGH THIS NAME HAS YET TO BE AGREED BY ASTRONOMERS.
PRELIMINARY DATA SUGGEST THAT IT MAY BE REDDER THAN ALL OTHER
OBJECTS IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM, SAVE MARS, AND THAT IT IS SHINY.
INDIRECT EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT IT MAY ALSO HAVE A MOON, WHICH
ASTRONOMERS NOW HOPE TO FIND WITH THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE.
HOWEVER, THE TEAM IS PUZZLED AS TO WHY THE FRIGID OBJECT IS
SO RED AND REFLECTIVE. "IT IS A SCIENTIFICALLY FASCINATING
OBJECT," SAID DR BROWN. THE NEW WORLD DATES BACK
TO THE CREATION OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM, MARKING THE FIRST DETECTION
OF THE LONG-HYPOTHESISED "OORT CLOUD," A FARAWAY REPOSITORY
OF SMALL ICY BODIES THAT SUPPLIES THE COMETS THAT STREAK BY
EARTH, AND THUS THE FIRST "OORT CLOUD OBJECT."
SEDNA IS ABOUT EIGHT BILLION MILES AWAY. "WHEN WE
FIRST FOUND THIS OBJECT, WE WERE SHOCKED TO DISCOVER THAT OUR
NEW OBJECT IS ALMOST THREE TIMES THE CURRENT DISTANCE TO PLUTO,"
SAID DR BROWN. "IT IS SIGNIFICANTLY FURTHER THAN
ANYTHING ELSE EVER SEEN IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM. THE SUN APPEARS
SO SMALL FROM THAT DISTANCE THAT YOU COULD COMPLETELY BLOCK
IT OUT WITH THE HEAD OF A PIN." SEDNA MEASURES BETWEEN
800 AND 1,100 MILES IN DIAMETER COMPARED WITH AROUND 1,400 MILES
IN THE CASE OF PLUTO AND 8,000 FOR EARTH. IF THE UPPER
END OF THIS ESTIMATE HOLDS GOOD, THE NEW BODY IS THE LARGEST
FOUND IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM SINCE THE AMERICAN CLYDE TOMBAUGH
DISCOVERED PLUTO 74 YEARS AGO. [A CLEAR PHOTOGRAPH, WITH
THE CAPTION: "SEDNA, RED AND REFLECTIVE, MAY HAVE ITS OWN
MOON" ACCOMPANIED THIS ARTICLE.]
31.
MAN MUST BE CAREFUL NOT TO ACT AS god IN SCIENTIFIC
MATTERS.
A] CLONING
SCIENCE SERVES ALLAH. EARTHQUAKES,
FLOODS, VOLCANIC EXPLOSIONS ETC. GET RID OF CORRUPT AND EVIL
'CIVILISATIONS'.
AND HOW MANY POPULATIONS WE DESTROYED; WHICH EXULTED IN THEIR
LIFE [OF EASE AND PLENTY] ! NOW THOSE HABITATIONS OF THEIRS,
AFTER THEM, ARE DESERTED, - ALL BUT [MISERABLE] FEW! AND
WE ARE THEIR HEIRS!
NOR
WAS THY LORD THE ONE TO DESTROY A POPULATION UNTIL HE HAD SENT
TO ITS CENTRE AN APOSTLE, REHEARSING TO THEM OUR
SIGNS:
NOR ARE WE GOING TO DESTROY A POPULATION EXCEPT WHEN ITS
MEMBERS PRACTISE INIQUITY. [XXVIII, 58-59]
SEE
ALSO: XXIII, 26-30 XXV, 37
XXIII, 31-41 XXVII, 54-58 XXVIII,
76-82 XX1, 14
But
the converse of all this is that there
was an earthquake in Turkey;
all was shattered except a Mosque, which was untouched. See
the actual photograph in the �Aspects of Islam�
section of this Site.
B]
ALCOHOL AND INTOXICANTS HAVE BEEN FORBIDDEN FOR HEALTH REASONS.
O
YE WHO BELIEVE! STRONG DRINK AND GAMES OF CHANCE AND IDOLS
AND DIVINING ARROWS ARE ONLY AN INFAMY OF SATAN'S HANDIWORK.
LEAVE IT ASIDE IN ORDER THAT YE MAY SUCCEEED. SATAN SEEKETH
ONLY TO CAST AMONG YOU ENMITY AND HATRED BY MEANS OF STRONG
DRINK AND GAMES OF CHANCE, AND TO TURN YOU FROM REMEMBRANCE
OF ALLAH AND FROM [HIS] WORSHIP. WILL YE THEN HAVE DONE?
[PICKTHALL] [V, 90-91]
THEY
QUESTION THEE ABOUT STRONG DRINK AND GAMES OF CHANCE.
SAY: IN BOTH IS GREATSIN, AND [SOME] UTILITY FOR MEN; BUT THE
SIN OF THEM IS GREATER THAN THEIR USEFULNESS. [PICKTHALL]
[II, 219]
INTOXICANTS
ARE DETRIMENTAL TO THE HEALTH. WHERE ISLAM FORBIDS SOMETHING,
THERE IS A SCIENTIFIC REASON FOR IT.
THE
FOLLOWING IS AN ARTICLE BY IONE
CAMPSIE FROM THE SUNDAY
POST OF DECEMBER
28TH, 2003
WORRYING TRUTH BEHIND THAT MORNING-AFTER FEELING
ENOUGH TO PUT YOU OFF DRINK FOR LIFE
EVERY FESTIVE REVELLER KNOWS WHAT A HANGOVER FEELS LIKE. NAUSEA,
DEHYDRATION, HEADACHE, ACHES AND PAINS, FATIGUE, RESTLESSNESS
... BUT WHAT HAS THE ALCOHOL ACTUALLY DONE TO YOUR BODY?
READ ON - IF YOU DARE. THE LIST OF GRISLY CHEMICAL REACTIONS
WILL MAKE EVEN THE MOST COMMITTED DRINKER VOW "NEVER AGAIN".
WHEN THE LIVER GETS TO WORK ON THE EFFECTS OF A BOOZING SESSION,
IT TRANSFORMS ALCOHOL INTO ACETALDEHYDE WHICH, BY A STRANGE
QUIRK, IS PROBABLY EVEN MORE TOXIC THAN ALCOHOL. HENCE
THE COLD SWEATS, HOT FLUSHES, CHURNING STOMACH, VOMITING AND
RACING PULSE. IN SOME WAYS WE ARE ACTUALLY GETTING OFF
QUITE LIGHTLY , AS ACETALDEHYDE IS A CHEMICAL USED IN ALL SORTS
OF UNPLEASANT CHEMICAL PROCESSES, LIKE MANUFACTURING DISINFECTANTS,
PERFUMES, LACQUERS, VARNISHES AND PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICALS.
LIVING DEAD. THE ALCOHOL WE DRINK ALSO CONTAINS
METHANOL. EVER FELT LIKE YOU'VE JOINED THE LIVING DEAD
THE MORNING AFTER? WELL, THAT'S JUST MAYBE TOO CLOSE TO
THE TRUTH AS METHANOL IS CONVERTED INTO FORMALDEHYDE , A PRESERVATIVE
USED ON BODY PARTS IN MORTUARIES. LIKE ITS COUNTRY COUSIN
ACETALDEHYDE, FORMALDEHYDE IS ALSO COMMONLY USED IN INDUSTRY,
FOR MAKING SUCH SWEET-AND-INNOCENTS AS FUNGICIDES, GERMICIDES
AND DISINFECTANTS. OVER THE YEARS, THE US GOVERNMENT HAS CURBED ITS
USE DUE TO A LIST OF SIDE-EFFECTS THAT INCLUDE WATERY EYES,
BURNING EYES, HEADACHES AND FATIGUE. SOUND FAMILIAR?
BUT METHANOL IS ALSO CONVERTED INTO FORMIC ACID - THE SAME ACID
THAT WASPS, ANTS AND NETTLES HAVE IN THEIR STINGS.
THAT EVIL HEADACHE ISN'T CAUSED BY DEHYDRATION BUT BY FORMIC
ACID. IT'S LIKE HAVING AN ARMY OF ANTS BITING YOUR BRAIN.
BUT THERE'S MORE. ALCOHOL ALSO CAUSES MAJOR DEHYDRATION
OF THE BODY, THANKS MAINLY TO THE FACT IT MESSES SO BADLY WITH
OUR ANTI-DIURETIC HORMONES. THAT IS WHY WE GO TO THE TOILEET
SO OFTEN AND END UP GASPING FOR A DRINK OF WATER. KNOWING
HOW ALCOHOL REFUSES TO LEAVE ANY STONE UNTURNED IN ITS PURSUIT
OF FINDING WAYS TO MAKE US SUFFER, THERE'S
AN ADDED TWIST. CONSTANT RUSHING TO THE LOO MEANS WE'RE
STRIPPING OURSELVES OF MINERALS LIKE SODIUM, CALCIUM, POTASSIUM
AND PHOSPHATE. THESE ARE VITAL FOR KEEPING BODY FLUIDS
WELL BALANCED. SO BOOZING IS A REAL DOUBLE-WHAMMY TO THE
WORKINGS OF YOUR BODY'S WATER. A LACK OF MINERALS ALSO
HINDERS THE BRAIN'S TINY ELECTRICAL CURRENTS, SO NO WONDER EVERYTHING
SEEMS A BIT WOOLLY WHEN YOU COME ROUND. OF COURSE, IT'S
NOT HELPED BY THE FATIGUE BROUGHT ON BY SLEEP DEPRIVATION.
ALTHOUGH BEVVY IS A SEDATIVE, WHEN IT WEARS OFF THERE'S A REBOUND
EFFECT. IT ALSO STOPS YOU FROM DREAMING PROPERLY AND,
TO THE CONSTERNATION OF WIVES EVERYWHERE, IT RELAXES THE THROAT
MUSCLES. THIS HELPS THE WORN-OUT PARTYGOER SNORE LIKE
A HORSE. STOMACH ACID. IT ALSO MESSES WITH
OUR INTERNAL THERMOSTAT, SENDING BODY TEMPERATURES HAYWIRE,
DEPENDING ON WHETHER WE'RE DRUNK OR HUNGOVER. THAT'S NOT
TO MENTION THE INCREASES PRODUCTION OF STOMACH ACID, CAUSING
THE ONSET OF JELLY-BELLY, OR THE FACT THAT IT EXPANDS THE BLOOD
VESSELS AND HEIGHTENS PRESSURE INSIDE THE SKULL - A MAJOR FACTOR
IN THROBBING HEAD SYNDROME. THIS WOULDN'T BE SO BAD IF
WE DIDN'T DRINK SO MUCH. A BOTTLE OF WHISKY IS 40 PER
CENT ALCOHOL. THAT MEANS IT'S 40 PER CENT DRUG, LEAVING
THE BODY WITH A TOUGH SHIFT WHEN IT COMES TO RECOVERING.
SO WHAT CAN YOU DO ABOUT YOUR HANGOVER? TRY JUST ABOUT
ANYTHING YOU CAN THINK OF, OR ELSE GRIN AND BEAR IT, MOAN LIKE
HELL OR WHIMPER LIKE A BABY. BUT REMEMBER, WHEN SOMEONE
OFFERS YOU A DRINK AND ASKS, "WHAT'S YOUR POISON?"
-THEY REALLY MEAN IT.
THE
FLESH OF SWINE HAS BEEN FORBIDDEN FOR HEALTH REASONS.
O
YE WHO BELIEVE! EAT OF THE GOOD THINGS WHEREWITH WE HAVE
PROVIDED YOU, AND RENDER THANKS TO ALLAH IF IT IS [INDEED]
HE WHOM YE WORSHIP. HE HATH FORBIDDEN YOU ONLY CARRION,
AND BLOOD, AND SWINEFLESH, AND THAT WHICH HATH BEEN IMMOLATED
TO [THE NAME OF] ANY OTHER THAN ALLAH. BUT HE WHO HAS
BEEN DRIVEN BY NECESSITY, NEITHER CRAVING NOR TRANSGRESSING,
IT IS NO SIN FOR HIM. LO! ALLAH IS FORGIVING, MERCIFUL.
[PICKTHALL] [II, 172-173]
ALLAH
HAS FORBIDDON MAN TO COMSUME PORK AS IT CONTAINS MANY DISEASES.
PLEASE
REFER TO THIS WEBSITE FOR MORE INFORMATION ON WHY NOT TO EAT
PORK MEAT.
http://members.aol.com/call2truth/pork.html
THE HONEY OF A BEE IS A MEDICINE.
AND
THY LORD TAUGHT THE BEE TO BUILD ITS CELLS IN HILLS, ON TREES,
AND IN [MEN'S] HABITATIONS; THEN TO EAT OF ALL THE PRODUCE
[OF THE EARTH], AND FIND WITHSKILL THE SPACIOUS PATHS OF ITS
LORD: THERE ISSUES FROM WITHIN THEIR BODIES A DRINK OF VARYING
COLOURS, WHEREIN IS HEALING FOR MEN: VERILY IN THIS IS A SIGN
FOR THOSE WHO GIVE THOUGHT. [XVI, 68-69]
SEE
ALSO: www.goldenblossomhoney.com
and www.everymuslim.com
THE MILK OF A COW IS A LIQUID BETWEEN THE COW'S WASTE AND BLOOD.
AND VERILY
IN CATTLE [TOO] WILL YE FIND AN INSTRUCTIVE SIGN, FROM WHAT
IS WITHIN THEIR BODIES, BETWEEN EXCRETIONS AND BLOOD, WE PRODUCE,
FOR YOUR DRINK, MILK, PURE AND AGREEABLE, TO THOSE WHO DRINK
IT. [XVI, 66]
C]
ECOLOGICAL DEGENERATION OF THE EARTH
Carbon Dioxide Is Key Suspect
in Rainforest Change
|
|
LONDON (Reuters) - Strange
things are happening in lush Amazonian rainforests and
scientists said Wednesday rising levels of carbon dioxide
could be the cause.
Even
in pristine rainforests unaffected by human activities
such as logging or burning, researchers have noticed dramatic
differences in the growth patterns of trees over the past
20 years.
That
could distort the forest's fragile balance, affecting
rare plant and animal species.
"The
changes in Amazonian forests really jump out at you,"
said William Laurance of the Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute in Panama. "It's a little scary to realize seemingly pristine
forests can change so quickly and dramatically."
Laurance
and his team, whose research was published in the journal
Nature, noticed that the growth of large trees in the
Amazonian rainforests have accelerated over the past two
decades while the growth of smaller ones has slowed.
Levels
of carbon dioxide (CO2) have risen by 30 percent in the
past 200 years because of emissions from automobiles and
industry and rapid forest burning, particularly in the
tropics.
Much
of the increase in CO2, which plants use from the air
for photosynthesis, has occurred since 1960.
The
scientists suspect the rising CO2 levels are fertilizing
the rainforests and increasing competition for light,
water and nutrients in the soil. So the big fast-growing
trees have an advantage and are outpacing the smaller
ones.
The
researchers believe the odd change in growth patterns
could also be a signal for an overall change in rainforest
ecology. |
CONCLUSION
ALLAH MOST HIGH HAS CREATED THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH BY HIS
WILL. THIS WILL HAS LED TO SCIENTIFIC PROCESSES � FOR EXAMPLE,
THE �BIG BANG�. SCIENCE WORKS FOR ALLAH, THE OMNIPOTENT
SOVEREIGN. SO IF ALL KNOWLEDGE, AND THEREFORE THE KNOWLEDGE
OF SCIENCE, BELONGS TO ALLAH, THIS IS A QUALITY INHERENT
IN THE ATTRIBUTES OF GOD. WE CANNOT THEREFORE SPEAK OF
SCIENCE AS BEING INDEPENDENT OF DIVINE WILL! SCIENCE
CAN NEVER REBEL AGAINST, OR CONFLICT WITH, THE DIVINE
WILL BECAUSE IT IS A CONSTITUENT PART OF THAT DIVINE
WILL!
DREAMS
Alhamdolilllah,
while writing this very Paper, I was fortunate enough to have
two very valuable dreams:
DREAM
NO 1
I
dreamt that I first visited an awesome galaxy, somewhere
in the Universe, and afterwards carried on with my day-to-day
routine on Earth!
DREAM
NO 2
I
dreamt that I was in Waheed's house. His brother, Naveed,
had a copy of the Guiness Book of Records with him, and he was
testing some feat of mine. But he was quite cross
after I had finished with my efforts because I HAD NOT BEEN
ABLE TO BREAK UP ENOUGH CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES IN THE UNIVERSE,
OR BEEN ABLE TO BREAK UP ONE CLUSTER OF GALAXIES INTO SMALL
ENOUGH PIECES! [I couldn't quite recall which of these two tasks
I was attempting in the dream, but I think it was the latter].
CONTEXT
On
Wednesday 10 March, I had been working on this very paper .
I had used an internet cafe and the two Muslim proprietors of
the business had been surprised, and admiring, to see my initial,
few typed pages. Then, the next day, I took a copy of
the Holy Quran [Yusuf Ali's translation] to the Pakistani Community
Centre, Glodwick, Oldham and had done a solid, few hours'
work. I had copied one or two stunning photos of galaxies
and other bodies in the Universe from www.SPACE.com, and reports of phenomenon in the Ubiverse from news
agencies such as Reuters and pasted them in my Paper to make
the point that Allah has all knowledge, and is Mighty, Wise.
This dream is probably saying that man is Allah's viceregent
in the Universe, so if Allah is All-Powerful, Allah has given
mankind knowledge, which is power too!
REFERENCES
(1)
WEBSTERS REFERENCE LIBRARY, CONCISE DICTIONARY AND THESAURUS, GEDDES &
GROSSETT,
NEW LANARK, SCOTLAND, 2002
2) www.nasa.gov
www.SPACE.com
www.reuters.com
3)
THE MEANING OF THE GLORIOUS QURAN: An Explanatory Explanation
by MUHAMMAD MARMADUKE PICKTHALL [Re-Edited Translation], ISLAMIC
DAWAH CENTRE INTERNATIONAL, Birmingham, July 2000
"ASTRONOMY IS CERTAINLY NOT A STATIC SUBJECT - NEW IDEAS AND DISCOVERIES
ARE ALWAYS TURNING UP. ALTHOUGH ASTRONOMERS HAVE SOLVED
MANY OF THE MYSTERIES OF THE UNIVERSE, THEY ARE CONTINUALLY
FINDING NEW AND DEEPER PROBLEMS". [FOREWARD]
THE ASTRONAUT MUST BE EQUIPPED FOR GREAT EXTREMES OF TEMPERATURE, AS THE
TEMPARATURE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE SUNLIT SIDE IS ABOUT 100 DEGREES
CELCIUS AND, ON THE DARK SIDE, -150 DEGREES CELCIUS [272 DEGREES
BELOW FREEZING, FARENHEIT].
VARIOUS
EARTHLY PHENOMENA HAVE ASTRONOMICAL ORIGINS. THE TIDES, FOR
EXAMPLE, ARE DUE TO THE GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS OF THE SUN AND
MOON. BASICALLY, THE WATER IN THE OCEANS IS ATTRACTED
BY
MERCURY
MAXIMUM
TEMP - 400 C; MINIMUM TEMP. -200 C
NO
DETECTABLE ATMOSPHERE OR AT MOST 1/100TH OF EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE.
VENUS
A
'DAY' ON VENUS IS LONGER THAN THE VENUSIAN [OR 'CYTHEREAN']
YEAR [VENUS REVOLVES FASTER AROUND THE SUN -224 DAYS- THAN IT
ROTATES ON ITS AXIS - 247 DAYS]. MAXIMUM TEMP. 350 C;
DENSE ATMOSPHERE CONTAINS MOSTLY CARBON DIOXIDE.
MARS
V.
THIN ATMOSPHERE; VIRTUALLY NO OXYGEN; V. RAPID TEMP. CHANGES.
'HUMAN LIFE COULD NOT SURVIVE THERE'.
JUPITER
LARGELY
GASEOUS [MAINLY HYDROGEN, AND SIMILAR GASES SUCH AS METHANE
AND AMMONIA] PLANET; V. LOW TEMP. OF -150 C
SATURN
LARGELY
GASEOUS PLANET
www.got-milk.com/better/index.html
Your bones are growing right along with you. And you need calcium
now more than ever. Your "growth spurt" is just about
to happen -- it typically starts around 11-13 years of age,
and the "spurt" is usually done by the time you're
15-19 years old. Nearly 50 percent (that's HALF) of all bone
is formed during these years! But even after your bones have
stopped growing long, they are still growing strong "inside."
That's why you need to pack your bones with calcium for at least
another 10 years to help make them as dense and strong as possible.
How Your Body Grows
Your body needs nutritious foods to grow and stay healthy. Nutritious
foods also give you energy for learning and playing. Foods can
be sorted into the Five Food Groups.
UPDATE: Story first posted 5:37
p.m. EST, March
27, 2004
Aviation
history was made today as NASA successfully flew its experimental
X-43A research vehicle, a forerunner of craft that could well
offer alternate access to space in the future.
Preliminary
indications are that the craft appeared to meet a major milestone:
propelling itself slightly over Mach 7, seven times the speed
of sound, or some 5,000 miles per hour.
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Comparision of X-43A hypersonic
scramjet engine with conventional jet engine.
Credit: NASA/Dave Faust |
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NASA's B-52B launch aircraft
takes off carrying the second X-43A hypersonic
research vehicle attached to a modified
Pegasus rocket, on March 27, 2004. Credit:
NASA/Tom Tschida |
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Illustration of X-43A March
27, 2004 mission profile. Credit: NASA/Dave
Faust |
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"It
was fun all the way to Mach 7," said Joel Sitz, X-43 Project
Manager at NASA�s Dryden Flight Research at Edwards, California during a press briefing after the flight.
The
X-43A test shot is part of NASA�s Hyper-X program, a research
effort to try out propulsion technologies for high-speed flight
within the atmosphere and into Earth orbit.
A
major objective of the unmanned X-43A flight was shaking out
air-breathing supersonic-combustion ramjet (scramjet) engine
technology.
Unlike
the space shuttle that must haul along weighty amounts of liquid
oxygen to burn with liquid hydrogen, scramjets use the atmosphere
as fuel. Doing so means a scramjet-carrying craft could haul
more payload into orbit.
Without
a hitch
"We
went off without a hitch," said Bradford Neal, test conductor
for the flight Saturday.
Griffin
Corpening, X-43A chief engineer at Dryden, said the X-43A "scooted
out to Mach 7�just an outstanding job." Data was received
from the vehicle all the way down to its splash down in the
Pacific Ocean. "It really hung in there,"
he said.
Corpening
said the data collected during the flight will be intensely
studied over the next weeks, months, and probably years.
"It
has been an outstanding record-breaking day. It really has,"
said Larry Huebner, Hyper-X scramjet propulsion research engineer
at NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. Based on preliminary
data, he said, the vehicle experienced positive acceleration
while climbing due to the performance of its scramjet engine.
"Our
vehicle under airbreathing power went over 15 miles," Huebner
reported. The flight today was the first-ever airframe integrated
scramjet engine experiment. "We can claim an air-breathing
powered record today�no doubt about it."
But
now, Huebner said, "it�s time to roll up our sleeves and
start looking at some data."
Winged
surfboard
Today�s
test of the 12-foot ((3.7 meters) long X-43A began with the
vehicle being toted skyward from NASA's Dryden Flight Research
Center on Edwards Air Force Base, California by a B-52 carrier
aircraft. The experimental craft -- taking on the look of a
winged surfboard -- was attached to a modified Pegasus XL booster.
After
reaching a designated altitude, the NASA B-52 released the X-43A/Pegasus
booster combination high over the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division Sea Range over the Pacific Ocean off the coast of southern California.
A
long contrail arced up and away from the B-52 as the modified
Pegasus boosted the X-43A. A normal separation of the test vehicle
from the booster could clearly be seen. The craft remained stable
during release from its booster.
The
X-43A continued its speedy flight, opening up an intake chamber
that allowed a high-speed stream of oxygen into the vehicle.
That port was then closed, and all appeared to work as planned
as mission controllers clapped and hugged each other.
Gulping
up the atmosphere as it shot through the sky, the craft pushed
that air into a scramjet. Carried onboard the X-43A is a small
quantity of hydrogen that mixed with the incoming oxygen. That
mix was then combusted, pushing the plane forward to high-mach
speeds.
Following
the engine test, the X-43A began gliding and maneuvering for
several minutes before nosing into Pacific
Ocean
waters within a restricted test zone.
Tough
engineering challenge
The
$250 million program began with conceptual design and scramjet
engine wind tunnel work in 1996.
According
to a NASA statement, this is the first time a non-rocket, air-breathing
scramjet engine has powered a vehicle in flight at hypersonic
speeds. No vehicle has ever flown at hypersonic speeds powered
by an air-breathing scramjet engine.
The
rocket boost and subsequent separation from the rocket to get
to the scramjet test condition have complex elements that must
work properly to assure flight success. There are few or no
moving parts in the scramjet. Achieving proper engine ignition
and combustion, in a matter of milliseconds, is considered a
key engineering challenge.
No
easy ride
It
has not been an easy ride for the X-43A program.
On
June
2, 2001, the X-43A/booster combination
-- called the stack -- veered out of control shortly after release
from the NASA B-52 aircraft. The stack was destroyed by ground
control less than 50 seconds after release. The failure occurred
before the X-43A could be released.
A
mishap study board cleared the way for a return-to-flight of
the X-43A. No one contributing factor was singled out as being
the prime cause of the vehicle's failure. However, those studying
the failure underscored inaccuracies in computer and wind-tunnel
tests to prove the X-43A/booster was flight worthy and ready
for its maiden test.
Today�s
successful flight is the work of a government-private sector
partnership.
ATK
GASL in Tullahoma, Tennessee, built both the vehicle
and the engine, and Boeing Phantom Works in Huntington Beach, California, designed the thermal
protection and propulsion control systems. The booster is a
modified Pegasus rocket from Orbital Sciences Corporation of
Chandler, Arizona.
NASA's
Langley Research Center and Dryden Flight Research Center jointly conduct the
Hyper-X program.
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